The Department of Botany is the guarantor of the teacher's bachelor's and master's degrees in Biology, master's degrees in Botany and Phytopathology, and doctoral (Ph.D.) degree in Botany. Furthermore, the Department of Botany provides teaching within the framework of the bachelor's professional studies in the fields of Biology and Ecology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biophysics, Ecology and Environmental Protection, and in teaching combinations with biology, teaching a wide range of botanical and general biological subjects.

The department is organizationally divided into six research groups (RG's): Seed biology and plant domestication RG, Plant biosystematics and ecology RG, Evolution and systematics of cyanobacteria and algae RG, Phytopathology and microbiology RG, Conservation botany RG and Tissue cultures and plant biotechnologies RG.

The workplace have extensive experimental facilities (specialized laboratories, air-conditioned chambers, cultivation rooms, greenhouses, GMO laboratory). The department manages the National UPOC Collection (phytopathogenic fungi, algae and cyanobacteria) and the herbarium (OL). The department also hosts a unique collection of tropical plants (including carnivorous plants).

The scientific activity of the department is focused on various areas of theoretical and applied botany. The staff and students of the department are mainly engaged in the study of evolution, ecology, physiology and taxonomy of plants, cyanobacteria and fungi, as well as the study of the diversity of plant communities.

The department has extensive domestic and international contacts and cooperation with more than 30 universities and scientific institutions around the world. The department's staff also provides consulting services to the public and companies in the fields of botany, plant biology and genetics, agriculture and horticulture.